cri ti cize
He was criticized遭受批评 for his mistakes.
criticized动词，批评；评论同义替换：blame动词，责怪=crticise动词，批评；评价
词根词源：critic批评家+ize动词后缀→criticize批评
词根：crit判断，区分（由krei而来，筛选）
后缀：ic名词后缀，表示人
后缀：ize动词后缀（同ise），表示“…化”，照…样子做，按…方式处理，使成为
She was criticized被批评 by her boss.
词形词性联系记忆：criticism名词，批评；评价criticisms名词，批评；评价（criticism的复数形式）—critics名词，评论家；吹毛求疵的人—criticize动词，批评；评论—criticized动词，批评；评论（criticize的过去式）
bar ri er
真题例句：The barrier are disappearing消失，in part because 部分原因journals期刊 and funding 资助agencies代理 worldwide世界范围 are encouraging scientists科学家 to make their data public大众的.
The newcomen新来的人 has to 不得不overcome克服 language barriers障碍.
In the formation of 在形成many species物种，the initial开始 isolation隔离 of a population人口 seems to似乎 have been a geographic地理的 barrier障碍.
barrier名词，障碍同义替换：block名词，堵塞物；大厦；街区 /bulwark名词，保障/ clog动词，阻塞/ blockage名词，堵塞物 /handicap名词，障碍
词根词源：bar(r)桩，棍+ier名词后缀，表示物→用棍子围起来，以阻挡→barrier围栏；障碍
Duties关税 and taxes税收 are the most obvious明显的 barriers障碍 to free trade自由贸易.
词形词性联系记忆：barrier名词，障碍—barrens名词，荒漠（barren的复数）—barricade名词，路障
常见词组：
barrier lake/menthod/reef/to entry/to trade堰塞湖/屏障方法/堡礁/进入市场壁垒/贸易障碍
ne go ti ate
真题例句：The House Bill法案 would authorize批准 the secretary部长 of health and human services to negotiate谈判 drug prices药品价格 in Medicare 医保and Medicaid（美）医疗补助计划.
They are unwilling to不愿意 negotiate 谈判with me.
The local government and the army negotiated达成 a truce休战.
词形词形联系记忆：negotiate动词，谈判；通过；越过；商定—negotiable形容词，可协商的—negotiated动词，谈判—negotiating动词，谈判—negotiation名词，谈判
anger名词，怒 /agitated形容词，焦虑不安的
mad as a March Hare/as a hatter/as a wet hen/cow disease疯狂地/狂怒/极其生气/疯牛病