#头条创作挑战赛#

大纲样题分析( Sample5）

Directions:

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about how to select a fund. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph( 41-45). The first and Iast paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

[A] Watching related expenses and making wise choice

[B] Paying attention to details

[C]Weighing your financial goals and expectations first

[D]Maintaining realistic expectations

[E] Narrowing the search

[F] Not too special

Eating better. Exercising. Investing. There are a lot of things you know should be doing. The problem is that getting started always seems to be the hardest part. For many investors, mutual funds are good way to go, but trying to sort through the number of available choices-now more than to 100000--makes this important task appear overwhelming.Let' s look at some ways to cut that number down to a reasonable size, as well as other factors to consider when selecting your first fund.

41.________

Before you begin examining potential investments, it's important to take some time to assess your own goals and risk tolerance. If you start with a clear objective in mind, as well as an understanding as to

how you might react if your investment loses money, you'll be less likely to purchase a fund that doesn't fit your needs. And that's what often leads to disappointment. It is important to look for funds that are appropriate for both your goals and your investment temperament.

42.______

One way to begin your search for a good fund is to use the Morningstar star rating. The rating is a useful tool for nurrowing the field to funds that have done a good job of balancing return and risk in the past. To assign ratings, Morningstar uses a formula that compares a fund's risk-adjusted historical performance with that of other funds within four rating groups-domestic stock funds, international stock funds, taxable bond funds, and municipal bond funds.

43.________

Funds that invest solely in a single market sectors, called specialty funds, often have impressive returns and may be great additions to diversified portfolio. However, the success of such funds depends largely on the fortunes of particular market sector. Hence, specialty funds probably aren't the best way to start. For your first fund, look for a diversified stock fund that has exposure to different types of stocks.

44.______

There's no free lunch in fund investing: in addition to the sales fees that some fund companies charge, fund investors must also pay management fees and trading custs. Unfortunately, you don't necessarily get what you pay for-no one has ever shown that more expensive funds provide greater returns. Look for funds with reasonable costs. The expense ratio, which expresses annual costs as a percentage amount,is probably the best number to use when comparing mutual fund costs.

45._______

Whatever the market does, try to take it in stride. You're in for the long haul, so don't worry about the market's day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist the temptation to monitor your first investment daily. Check in ou your mutual funds once a month, and give your portfolio a thorough exam every 6 to 12 months. And consider adding to your fund each month. An automatic investment plan makes it a relatively painless process.

Finally. remember that the ultimate measure of your success as an investor depends not on your owming the best-performing mutual fund. Only one fund will be the top performer over the next decade, and there's no way to predict which one it will be. Meeting your own financial goals should ultimately be the yardstick by which you measure your investment success.

一、文章总体分析

本文是一篇有关于个人投资理财的说明文，主要介绍了开始投资时注意的问题以及选择投资对象的技巧。该文的目标读者是投资新手,因此文章语言通俗易懂,没有太多的专业词汇。

第一段:先指出投资理财是人们必须做的事情,但很多新手不知如何开始;接着给出了几点有关投资技巧的建议:缩小选择的范围,并考虑其他几个因素。

第二段:强调确定投资目标和投资性格的重要性

第三段:建议借助晨星星级评级系统来进行投资对象的选择。

第四段:指出刚开始投资时要避免专向基金,应选择多元化股票基金。

第五段:指出选择投资对象时要考虑“性价比”。

第六段:指出投资者要保持轻松的心态,对投资进行定时定期的管理即可。

二、试题具体分析

(一)迅速阅读选项和文章的第一段,了解文章主旨。

浏览选项后,发现它们的含义都比较抽象,不能马上得出文章的确切主题,因此还有必要阅读文章的第一段,将该段与选项综合起来理解可以得知文章的主题是有关如何投资。(选项翻译见全文翻译)

(二)概括段落大意,寻找与之相匹配的选项。

第一段开始部分是一个引子,拿投资与饮食、段炼相类比,指出它们都是人们生活中很重要的一部分；接着转折指出,开始投资是最难的;最后提出了整个文章的写作目的,即教授读者如何开始投资。

作者从第二段开始传授投资的技巧。第二段首句是主题句,说明了第一个应注意的问题是”确定自己的目标、了解自己对风险的承受能力”,其中关键词是 assess your own goals and risk tolerance；中间部分进行分析；末句呼应、重申主题句。[C]项出现了本段的关键词 goals,而且 first表明了它是第一个考虑的问题。因此[C]项概括了第二段的含义。注意 weigh一词的含义不是”称重量”,而是掂量,认真考虑”。

第三段句是主题句,指出可借助星星评级系统来选择投资的基会。接着该段介绍了这种系统的特点是通过比较基金来缩小选择的范围( narrowing the field)。[E]项中narrow和search两个词都在该段中出现,并且它与该段的内容相吻合,因此是正确。

第四段先介绍了什么是“专向基金”及其特点，接着指出投资新手的最佳选择不是”专向基金”,而是多元化股票资金。[F]项中special一同和该段的 specialty相呼应,该项与第四段结合起来时表示的含义是“选择基金时不要单一,而要多元化”。

第五段先指出投资是要支付费用的,接着转折指出投资不一定能带来回报,最后总结指出,要选择

费用合理的基金,并用开支率来比较金的费用。[A]项出现了expenses一词,并概括了第五段的内容,即”通过考虑费用来选择基金”。

第六段开篇提到:要保持轻松的心态。接着作者建议投资者不要过分关注所投资的基金,而只需定时管理即可。言外之外,对投资结果的期待要现实。[D]项表达了该段的含义。

三、全文翻译

饮食更健康,锻炼身体,进行投资。你知道有很多应该要做的事情。问题是万事开头难。对很多

投资来说,互惠基金是一种很好的选择,但是要把可选择的基金种数(现在已达1万多种)进行归整使这项重要的任务显得非常艰难。让我们找到一些方法将可选择的范围缩小到可接受的程度,并且讨论选择第一笔基金时考虑其他因素。

首先认真考虑自己的财经目标和期望值（[C]）

在开始考虑潜在的投资之前,先花些时间确定自己的目标,了解自己对风险的承受能力是很重要的。如果你心中一开始就有了非常清晰的目标，并了解自己在投资时的可能做出的反应,那么你就不太可能去购买一种不适合需要的基金。而购买不适合自己的基金往往带来失望的结果。因此,寻找符合投资目标和投资性格的基金非常重要。

缩小搜索范围([E]）

开始寻找一种好的基金的方法之一是使用晨星星级评系统。它是一种实用的工具,用于缩小过去在风险与回报的平衡上表现较好的基金范围。为了确定等级,晨星星级评级系统用一个公式,将一种基金与四个等级(国内股票基金、国际股票基金、应税债券基金和市政债券基金)内的其他基金的风险调整的历史表现做比较。

不要太专一([F])

只投资于单一的市场部门的基金称做专向基金,它往往能带来丰厚的回报,并且是对多样化的投

资组合的有效的补充。然而这类基金的成功很大程度上取决于一个特定市场产业的财产状况。因此专向基金可能不是刚开始投资时的最佳选择。选择第一笔基金时,应选择一种包含不同类型股票的多元化票资金。

关注相关的费用,做出明智的选择([A])

在基金投资中没有免费的午餐:除了一些基金公司收取的销售费外,基金投资者也必须支付管理

费和交易成本。不幸的是,你的付出并不总是有回报--没有人可以证明价格昂贵的基金就能带来更大的回报。因此要选择费用合理的基金。开支比率以百分比的形式表示每年的费用,可能是比较互惠基金的费用时使用的最好的数据。

保持现实的期目标([D])

无论市场情形如何,你都要努力保持轻松的心态。你进行的是长期的投资,因此不要为每日市场的波动而担优忧。放松,克制自己不要每天都去监督你的第一笔投资。每个月检查一次互惠基金,每半年或一年彻底检查一下你的投资组合。考虑增加你每月的基金投资。自动投资计划可以减少投资过程中的痛苦。

最后,记住一名投资成功的最终量标准并不是拥有表现最好的互基金。十年后只有一种基金会是表现最好的,而且我们无法预计是哪一种。实现自己的财经目标是衡量投资成功与否的最终标准。

多余选项翻译:

[B]注意细节